Midwives, the guardians of natural births, have been at the side of laboring women for millennia.
In many nations, even the industrialized, midwifery remains a profession that is heavily used and highly regarded.
So why is it that fewer than five percent of American women deliver their children at home into the waiting hands of a midwife?
"American woman are afraid of the wrong things. (They) don't think about it logically. Most women around the world don't have a baby on their back in a bed," said Susanne Scott Rosenfeld, a licensed and certified midwife who owns Sacred Hoop Midwifery Service in Truckee. "(Delivering) in a hospital is not the way it was meant to be. It can be simpler and better."
Rosenfeld, who has been midwifing for six years and has delivered - or caught, in midwifery terms - more than 150 babies, launched her new career path 12 years ago when she began attending births and after the home-birth of her own daughter.
"It was a very empowering experience for me to give birth that way," Rosenfeld said. "It was the most painful thing I've ever experienced, but I lived through it. Now I want to shake every pregnant woman I know and say 'have a home birth!'''
By choosing to deliver with a midwife, clients and their families say they are afforded a comfortable and more personal birthing experience. If laboring women wish to soak in a hot bath, take a walk around the neighborhood, or curl up on the couch, they can do that.
"We want to do this ourselves in the most comfortable setting we can think of; to be in each moment together and not be persuaded by a hospital's agenda," said Aaron Wolf, a Reno resident who's partner, Lindsay Severino, will be delivering at home with Rosenfeld.
"Lindsay thought she might feel vulnerable in the hospital, partly because there is this hospital conceptualization of births as a medical emergency. You are on a time table and they want you in and out as quick as possible," Wolf said.
But is it safe?
"For a normal, healthy patient with proper prenatal care, a home birth can be a safe experience," said Dr. Shawni Coll, OBGYN at Tahoe Forest Hospital. "But precautions - not skipping necessary testing - need to be taken in order for that to occur."
But because Rosenfeld works in conjunction with Tahoe Forest Hospital, her clients have access to ultrasounds and all the normally recommended pre-natal tests. Rosenfeld, who is trained in neo-natal resuscitation, carries emergency medial supplies with her to all births, and, to minimize risk, will not take patients with medical conditions that could cause complications during delivery.
"At-home birth has been proven to be as safe or safer for low-risk pregnancy women," Rosenfeld said. "From what I have seen, birth has its best chance of being normal when it is in a home environment. You have to deliver where you feel safe."
Rosenfeld also said that she, along with the majority of midwives in the United States, has a one to 5 percent cesarean rate for her clients, while Tahoe Forest Hospital opts for caesareans in 27 percent of their deliveries. The World Health Organization recommends that no more than 12 percent of babies be born via C-section in any industrialized country.
"Child birth is one of the most natural and ancient things to occur, and the fact that 95 percent (of babies) are delivered in the hospital, and a huge percent are C-sections, is rather telling to our detachment from the process," Wolf, the expectant father, said.
History of midwifery
Midwifery is illegal in about one-third of the United States, and until 1993, California was one of them. An equal portion of states, including Nevada, are "A-legal," meaning that there are no options for licensing. But there is legislation in place to protect midwives, so as long as they are skilled and able to defend themselves in court.
Until about 250 years ago, delivering a child in a hospital was nearly unheard of and men were in no way involved in the process, said Rosenfeld. But with the development of obstetrics as a medical field, and the concurrent shunning of women from medical schools, the practice fell out of favor, and by the 1950s few midwives remained.
